In a groundbreaking leap toward green architecture, Indian scientists at the Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS), Bengaluru, have developed a new generation of cost-effective electrochromic smart windows—windows that don’t just let light in, but also block heat, save energy, and store electricity.
These smart windows change color at the flick of a switch and can significantly reduce air-conditioning bills by blocking heat and regulating indoor temperatures. Unlike traditional smart windows that use expensive materials like tungsten oxide (WO₃) and lithium-based electrolytes, the new design uses titanium oxide (TiO₂) and aluminum-ion-based electrolytes—drastically cutting production costs.
What makes this innovation revolutionary is its dual-functionality:
It can switch between transparent and tinted states, controlling the amount of sunlight and heat entering a space.
It can also store electrical energy, like a mini battery, making it a perfect fit for future-ready, zero-energy buildings.
Thanks to engineered oxygen vacancies, these TiO₂ films achieved a coloration efficiency of 27 cm²/C and transmittance modulation of up to 55%—among the best in the world for this material. Plus, these windows can withstand over 2,000 switching cycles with minimal loss in performance, ensuring durability.
Led by Dr. Ashutosh K. Singh, the research marks a major step in India’s journey toward affordable green infrastructure. The findings were published in the prestigious journal Small, gaining international attention.
As urban areas grapple with rising energy demands and climate concerns, these innovative smart windows could soon become the new standard in homes and offices across the country.